• Tuzuk-i–Baburi gives an account of the casting of cannons. The melted metal was made to run into the mould till full and then cooled down. Besides explosives, other items were also produced.

• Ain-i-Akbari speaks of the ‘Regulations of the Perfume Office of Akbar’.

• The ittar of roses was a popular perfume, the discovery of which is attributed to the mother of Nurjehan. Mention may also be made here of the glazed tiles and pottery during the period.