Consider the following statements:

1. Sedimentary rocks are types of rock that are formed by the deposition of small particles and subsequent cementation of minerals, via the process of solidification.

2. Sandstone, limestone and shale are a few examples of sedimentary rocks.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

• Rocks (igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic) of the earth’s surface are exposed to denudation agents and are broken up into various sizes of fragments. Such fragments are transported by different exogenous agencies and deposited. These deposits, through compaction, turn into rocks. This process is called lithification.
• In many sedimentary rocks, the layers of deposits retain their characteristics even after lithification. Hence, we see a number of layers of varying thickness in sedimentary rocks, like sandstone, shale etc.
• Depending upon the mode of formation, sedimentary rocks are classified into three major groups:

(i) Mechanically formed — Sandstone, conglomerate, limestone, shale, loess etc.

(ii) Organically formed — Geyserite, chalk, limestone, coal etc.

(iii) Chemically formed — chert, limestone, halite, potash etc.