Consider the following pairs:

1. Humayunnama: Abdul Hamid Lahori

2. Badshahnama: Gulbadan Begum

3. Alamgirnama: Muhammad Kazim

Which of pairs given above is/are correctly matched?

• Baburnama is the memoirs of Babur, founder of the Mughal Empire. It is an autobiographical work, written in Chagatai language.

Humayunnama

• Gulbadan was the daughter of Babur, Humayun’s sister and Akbar’s aunt. Gulbadan could write fluently in Turkish and Persian. When Akbar commissioned Abu’l Fazl to write a history of his reign, he requested his aunt to record her memoirs of earlier times under Babur and Humayun, for Abu’l Fazl to draw upon. What Gulbadan wrote was no eulogy of the Mughal emperors. Rather she described in great detail the conflicts and tensions among the princes and the kings, and the important mediating role elderly women of the family played in resolving some of these conflicts.

Badshahnama

• The Badshahnama (‘Book of Emperors’) is a contemporary chronicle commissioned by the Mughal Emperor Shah-Jahan as a propagandist celebration of his reign and dynasty. Written by the court historian Abdul Hamid of Lahore, the objective of the text was to proclaim the political and ideological legitimacy of the Emperor’s rule.

Alamgir Nama

• Following the tradition of the Mughal emperors from the time of Akbar, Aurangzeb ordered his court historian, Mirza Muhammad Kazim, to record and Compile the history of his reign. Mirza Kazim wrote the history up to the tenth year of the reign of Aurangzeb (1668), but the emperor forbade him to continue the work after this period. The history was a voluminous work consisting of 1107 printed pages (published by the Calcutta Asiatic society of Bengal in 1868).