Actual Article
Article 307: Appointment of authority for carrying out the purposes of Articles 301 to 304
Parliament may by law appoint such authority as it considers appropriate for carrying out the purposes of Articles 301, 302, 303, and 304, and confer on the authority so appointed such powers and duties as it thinks necessary.
UPSC Notes for Article 307
Explanation:
- Parliamentary Authority: Article 307 empowers Parliament to appoint an authority to oversee the implementation of the provisions related to the freedom of trade, commerce, and intercourse across the country.
- Scope of Powers: Parliament can confer necessary powers and duties on the appointed authority to ensure effective implementation and compliance with Articles 301 to 304.
Key Points:
- Implementation Mechanism: Provides a mechanism to ensure that the principles of free trade and commerce are upheld and that any restrictions imposed are properly managed.
- Flexibility: Allows Parliament to determine the most suitable authority and endow it with appropriate powers, providing flexibility to adapt to changing economic and administrative needs.
- Ensuring Compliance: Ensures that the laws made under Articles 301 to 304 are effectively enforced, maintaining the balance between free trade and necessary regulatory measures.
Important Cases and Commissions Related to Article 307
Cases:
- No specific landmark cases directly interpreting Article 307 as it deals with the procedural aspect of appointing an authority for implementing trade and commerce provisions.
Commissions:
- Finance Commission: Reviews and recommends measures for the effective implementation of trade and commerce laws, ensuring compliance with constitutional provisions.
- Law Commission of India: Examines the legal framework for trade and commerce and suggests necessary reforms to facilitate effective governance.
Important Reports Related to Article 307:
- Finance Commission Reports: Provide insights into the financial implications of trade and commerce regulations and recommend measures for effective enforcement.
- Law Commission Reports: Discuss the legal aspects of appointing authorities and recommend measures for improving the implementation of trade and commerce laws.
Previous Year Prelims Questions Related to Article 307
- (UPSC Prelims 2016) What power does Article 307 of the Indian Constitution grant to Parliament?
- A. To impose taxes on trade
- B. To appoint an authority for implementing Articles 301 to 304
- C. To amend the Constitution
- D. To regulate foreign trade Correct Answer: B. To appoint an authority for implementing Articles 301 to 304
- (UPSC Prelims 2018) What is the primary purpose of the authority that can be appointed under Article 307?
- A. To manage state revenues
- B. To oversee the implementation of free trade and commerce provisions
- C. To regulate agricultural policies
- D. To enforce judicial decisions Correct Answer: B. To oversee the implementation of free trade and commerce provisions
Previous Year Mains Questions Related to Article 307
- Mains 2016: “Discuss the significance of Article 307 in ensuring the effective implementation of trade and commerce provisions in the Indian Constitution. How does this article facilitate regulatory oversight?”
- Mains 2019: “Evaluate the role of Parliament in appointing an authority under Article 307. What are the potential challenges and benefits of this provision in the context of free trade and commerce?”
Additional Insights:
- Regulatory Oversight: Article 307 ensures there is a dedicated authority to oversee and enforce the provisions of free trade and commerce, preventing arbitrary restrictions and ensuring a level playing field.
- Economic Coordination: The appointed authority can help coordinate between different states and the central government, ensuring smooth inter-state trade and resolving disputes effectively.
- Adapting to Needs: The flexibility given to Parliament to appoint and empower the authority allows for adaptation to evolving economic conditions and administrative requirements.
Understanding Article 307 is crucial for UPSC aspirants as it provides insights into the procedural aspects of implementing the constitutional provisions related to trade and commerce, emphasizing the importance of regulatory oversight and effective enforcement. This knowledge is essential for both preliminary and main examinations, offering a comprehensive understanding of the constitutional mechanisms and their impact on economic governance within the Indian Constitution.