Which of the following statements is/are correct?

1. Bankim Chandra wrote many historical novels, like Durgesh Nandini and Anand Math.

2. Rabindra Nath Tagore made federalism an important part of his concept of national ideology.

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

• It is true that the idea of a modern state took root in the Indian society because of India’s contact with the western ideas, but very soon, Indian writers, like Bankim Chandra Chatterjee and others made use of this newly acquired concept of nationalism to attack the colonial rule and in the process, created their own brand of nationalism, rooted in the soil.

• Bankim Chandra wrote many historical novels, like Durgesh Nandini (1965) and Anand Math (1882). He acquired a pan-Indian popularity, and made nationalism and patriotism a part of dharma. This alternative was a distinctive civilizational concept of universalism that was accepted by many as a reply to western colonialism. Revivalism and reformism were natural corollaries of the newly emerging idea of nationalism.

• Rabindra Nath Tagore, the greatest name in modern Indian literature, made federalism an important part of his concept of national ideology.

• He said that the unity of India has been and shall always be a unity in diversity. The foundation for this tradition had been laid in India at the social level, not the political, by saints like Nanak, Kabir, Chaitanya and others.